Hutton Frederick Wollaston (1836-1905)Captain Frederick Wollaston Hutton, FRS, (16 November 1836 – 27 October 1905) was an English scientist who applied the theory of natural selection to explain the origins and nature of the natural history of New Zealand.
1 Biography
2 Taxa
3 Hutton's publications
4 References
Biography
Plaque to Hutton in Christchurch Cathedral Hutton was born in Gate Burton, Lincolnshire, England and passed through Southwell Grammar School and the Naval Academy at Gosport, Hampshire. He studied applied science at King's College London before being commissioned in the Royal Welch Fusiliers and fighting in the Crimean War and the Indian Mutiny.Hutton returned to England in 1860, and continued to study geology at Sandhurst, being elected to the Geological Society of London in the same year. In 1861, he reviewed Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species for The Geologist. Throughout his life, Hutton remained a staunch exponent of Darwin's theories of natural selection, and Darwin himself expressed his appreciation in a letter to Hutton.
Hutton married Annie Gouger Montgomerie in 1863, and resigned his commission in 1866 in order to travel with his wife and two children to New Zealand, where four more children would follow. They lived initially in Waikato, where Hutton tried his hand at flax milling, but he soon changed back to geology, joining the Geological Survey of New Zealand in 1866 and becoming Provincial Geologist of Otago in 1874. At the same time, he was made lecturer in geology at the University of Otago and curator of the museum there. Hutton became professor of biology at Canterbury College in 1880, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1892. The following year, he also took on the curatorship of the Canterbury Museum. Towards the end of his life, Hutton was made president of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union and the New Zealand Institute. He was awarded the Clarke Medal by the Royal Society of New South Wales in 1891.
Hutton died on the return voyage from England on the 27 October 1905, and was buried at sea off Cape Town, South Africa. He is commemorated in the Hutton Memorial Medal and Research Fund, awarded for scientific works bearing on the zoology, botany or geology of New Zealand.
Taxa
Taxa described and named by Hutton include:Cabalus modestus (Hutton, 1872), the Chatham Rail
Callochiton empleurus (Hutton, 1872), a chiton
Ericentrus rubrus (Hutton, 1872), the orange clinid
Phosichthys argenteus Hutton, 1872, a lightfish
Stegnaster inflatus (Hutton, 1872), a sea star
Bittium exile (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Colistium guntheri (Hutton, 1873), the New Zealand brill
Comitas trailli (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Dendropoma squamifera (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Herpetopoma bella (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Margarella antipoda rosea (Hutton, 1873), a subspecies of marine snail
Margarella fulminata (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Novastoa lamellosa (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Pterotyphis eos (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Pterotyphis zealandicus (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Pupa kirki (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Rhombosolea retiaria Hutton, 1873, the black flounder
Scorpis violacea (Hutton, 1873), the blue maomao
Thoristella chathamensis (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Trichosirius inornatus (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Uberella vitrea (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Xymene plebius (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Xymene traversi (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Zeacolpus symmetricus (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Zeacolpus vittatus (Hutton, 1873), a marine snail
Jasus edwardsii (Hutton, 1875), a spiny lobster
Paratrachichthys trailli (Hutton, 1875), the sandpaper fish or common roughy
Bidenichthys consobrinus (Hutton, 1876), the grey brotula or orange cuskeel
Anomia trigonopsis Hutton, 1877, a marine bivalve
Notolabrus cinctus (Hutton, 1877), the girdled wrasse
Eudyptes filholi Hutton, 1878, the Eastern Rockhopper Penguin
Leuconopsis obsoleta (Hutton, 1878), a land snail
Proxiuber australe (Hutton, 1878), a marine snail
Proxiuber hulmei (Hutton, 1878), a marine snail
Thoristella oppressa (Hutton, 1878), a land snail
Gallirallus philippensis macquariensis (Hutton, 1879), the Macquarie Island Rail
Pseudaneitea papillata (Hutton, 1879), a slug
Patelloida corticata (Hutton, 1880), a limpet
Latiidae Hutton, 1882, a family of freshwater molluscs
Cytora calva (Hutton, 1883), a land snail
Cytora pallida (Hutton, 1883), a land snail
Cytora pannosa (Hutton, 1883), a land snail
Homalopoma fluctuata (Hutton, 1883), a marine snail
Lamellaria cerebroides Hutton, 1883, a marine snail
Rhytida australis Hutton, 1883, a land snail
Rhytida citrina Hutton, 1883, a land snail
Rhytida patula Hutton, 1883, a land snail
Fossarina rimata (Hutton, 1884), a marine snail
Micrelenchus caelatus (Hutton, 1884), a marine snail
Otoconcha Hutton, 1884, a land snail genus
Leuconopsis Hutton, 1884, a land snail genus
Microvoluta marginata (Hutton, 1885), a marine snail
Powelliphanta lignaria (Hutton, 1888), a land snail
Argosarchus Hutton, 1898, a stick insect genusHutton's publications
1873: Catalogue of the marine Mollusca of New Zealand, with diagnoses of the species
1881: Catalogues of the New Zealand Diptera, Orthoptera, Hymenoptera; with descriptions of the species
1887: Darwinism
1896: Theoretical Explanations of the Distribution of Southern Faunas
1899: Darwinism and Lamarckism: Old and New
1902: The Lesson of Evolution - 1st edition
1902: Nature in New Zealand (a popular work co-written with James Drummond)
1904: Index Faunae Nova-Zealandiae (a complete list of all animals recorded in New Zealand)
1904: The Animals of New Zealand (a popular work co-written with James Drummond)
Cronologia Ornitologica